Abstract
This chapter addresses the asexual stages of lichenicolous Hypocreales species with non-curved conidia. A total of 23 species are accepted, currently classified in 11 genera: Acremonium, Cylindromonium, Galloea, Globonectria, Nectriopsis, Paranectria, Patriciomyces, Pronectria, Sarocladium, Trichonectria, and Trichothecium. The sexual stages of 13 of these species are known. Acremonium vanderkolkii is newly described here for a European species with large, 7‒11-septate conidia. Cephalosporiopsis epiparasitaster is treated as a new synonym of Cylindromonium lichenicola, and Cylindromonium lichenophilum as a new synonym of Trichonectria rubefaciens. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that many lichenicolous Trichonectria species are congeneric with lichenicolous Cylindromonium species, although sequences from the type species, T. hirta, are still lacking.